The pump is a mechanical device that converts the mechanical energy of the prime mover into the kinetic energy of the fluid medium in order to convey or pressurize the fluid medium, and is said to be the heart of modern industry.
From the performance range of pumps, the flow rate of giant pumps can reach several hundred thousand cubic meters per hour, while the flow rate of micro pumps is below tens of milliliters per hour. The pump pressure can be as high as 19.61Mpa(200kgf/cm2) from normal pressure; The temperature of the transported liquid can reach below -200 degrees Celsius at the lowest and above 800 degrees Celsius at the highest. There are many kinds of pumps to transport liquids, such as water (clean water, sewage, etc.), oil, acid-base liquid, suspension, and liquid metal.
In the application of chemical industry and petroleum sector, raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products are mostly liquid, but making raw materials into semi-finished products and finished products requires complicated technological processes. In these processes, pumps play a role in conveying liquid and providing pressure flow for chemical reactions. In addition, pumps are used to regulate temperature in many devices.
In agricultural production, the pump is the main irrigation and drainage machinery.
In the mining and metallurgical industries, pumps are also the most used equipment. The mine needs to be drained by pumps, and in the process of ore dressing, smelting and rolling, pumps are needed to supply water first.
In the power sector, nuclear power plants need nuclear main pumps, secondary pumps and tertiary pumps, and thermal power plants need a large number of boiler feed pumps, condensate pumps, circulating pumps and ash pumps.
In the national defense construction, pumps are needed for the adjustment of airplane flaps, tail rudder and landing gear, the rotation of turrets of warships and tanks, and the ups and downs of submarines. And high pressure and radioactive liquid, and some also require the pump to have no leakage, etc.
In shipbuilding industry, there are more than 100 pumps used in each ocean-going vessel, and their types are various. Such as water supply and drainage in other cities, water for steam locomotives, lubrication and cooling in machine tools, conveying bleaching liquid and dyes in textile industry, conveying paper pulp in paper industry, and conveying milk and sugar foods in food industry, etc., all need a large number of pumps.
In short, whether it’s airplanes, rockets, tanks, submarines, drilling, mining, trains, ships, or daily life, pumps are needed everywhere, and there are pumps running everywhere. This is the case, so the pump is listed as a general-purpose machine, which is a kind of vital product in the mechanical industry.